Терминологический словарь по логистике

The maximum weight which is safe for a lifting device to handle.

A gateway office which offers import and export services to a client; a freight forwarding station.

The action of drawing up a timetable for certain activities, indicating when to start them and by which date they have to be finished.

An item which is due to be delivered to a customer at a certain date, i.e. scheduled. It can also refer to the grouping of customer orders to predetermined destinations (usually weekly).

In material requirements planning: open orders and open purchase orders due at a certain date. They are considered part of the available stock during the respective period. In addition to that they are not considered in the requirements for components. Instead it is assumed that the parts needed for production have been allocated to the shop floor.

The action of drawing up a timetable to appoint, assign, or designate activities for a fixed time, taking into account a number of restrictions. Special types of scheduling are production planning and order scheduling.

A document, also called liner waybill, prepared by the carrier of a shipment of goods that contains details of the shipment, route, and charges by sea. It evidences a contract according to which the carrier delivers the goods to the consignee.

In transport: any gadget or device which must be broken in order to open it and therefore serves as a proof to a consignee that the goods contained in a truck or container have not been touched during transport.

A trailer which rest on a motor vehicle in such a way that the greater part of its weight is carried by the truck.

If cargo belonging to one carrier company is transported by a ship of another carrier, a service bill is issued which serves as contract of carriage among the two carriers.

A company representing a ship owner who is in charge of mediating between the consigner/consignee and the owner, taking care of the goods to be shipped or insurance matters.

General: the goods to be shipped. Usually they are shipped together, however they can also be shipped in separate consignments.

The one that sends goods by any form of conveyance and prepares the bill of lading for the carrier.

In US customs: a form to be filled in for all exports which is then used by the US government for statistical purposes.

In aircargo: a document drawn up by a shipper or its agent which contains instructions regarding the preparation of documents as well as on forwarding.

A business representative a ship owner, such as a liner company, at a port who assists in matters of clearance, fee payment and the like.

Documents which are needed for the consignment or receipt of goods, exclusive of contracts or transportation receipts.

The frequency with which shippings are sent over a certain period of time.

A label attached to the unit of a shipment which carries certain trade data descriptive of the shipping unit, which can therefore serve to identify it. The data carried by the label can be either taken from product data, transport data or transaction data.

A document drawn up by the shipper or the shipper`s agent which contains information on the export consignments offered for transport. It is intended for the carrier and also provides for the receipts and declarations of liability required.

Also forwarding instruction. An order to consign certain items to a consignee, and which contains all relevant data, such as description of the goods, mode of transport, etc.

General: less than needed or ordered. Difference between the quantity required and that delivered.

Regular transport to and fro between two points along a usually short way.

A side loader with a mast structure or fork carriage which can be extended and retracted between the axles and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the truck. The truck can thus pick up a load in a counter-balanced position and stack or unstack alongside the truck.

Creating a mathematical model of a system, using operational data, to see how the system works and, by changing variables (what-if evaluations), make predictions about how the system will change. In logistics simulations are used to test alternative plans, e.g. with regard to materials.

Working with only one supplier (of a particular product).

Unlike manifest invoicing, which summarizes charges to each shipment on a manifest, a single waybill is mainly used to render charges for single shipments to an overseas agent.

A product which is produced less frequently or in comparatively low numbers over a certain period of time.

A warehouse which has the appropriate facilities to store certain products, such as liquids (tank) and others.

Term applied when a larger order is delivered in smaller quantities with different due dates, following an agreement between customer and supplier.

In material handling: a device employed in handling and lifting containers and unitized cargo.

The piling up of items, containers, boxes

Term used to describe the number of items which are piled on top of one another.

Also called lot-size waiting times. The time during which an activity cannot be started yet because it requires a certain amount of items to be cost effective. Stacking waiting times occur in production (production is not started until sufficient items can be made), in transport (there have to be a certain number of goods already stacked before they are transported) or in document processing (documents are dealt with in a stack, which is then passed on entirely, instead of passing on a single document when it is finished).

A certain number of items of a particular type, such as a pallet loaded with a fixed number of items. This unit load is considered a standard unit in transport or for storage purposes.

To bring into conformity with a standard which was formerly formulated. A standard is implemented in order to facilitate an activity or the working with something which is frequently used. Trade barriers can thus be avoided.

A company or one who works at or is responsible for loading and unloading ships in a port.

A store or supply accumulated; the inventory of goods of a merchant or manufacturer, expressed in quantitative or financial terms. There is a great number of different types of stock. To name but a few of them: all-time stock buffer stock consignment stock lot-size stock residual quantity safety stock seasonal stock speculation stock

Term referring to a place for storing, an amount stored, the act of storing or the state of being stored. It especially refers to the safekeeping of goods in a depository (as a warehouse).

Term referring to the act or process of fitting goods in a storage place (such as a container or a means of transport) or the state of being stowed.

Detailed instructions by the shipper or his agent on how goods are to be packed and secured.

A plan on which stowage positions for all cargo on board a ship are indicated, serves to facilitate the work of stevedores and ship officers.

A vehicle which can lift and carry shipping containers and is employed in moving or lifting containers at a container terminal.

Determining the steps required to reach an objective and developing an overall policy for this purpose in order to position the company on the market place in the best possible way. Strategic planning concerns all business areas and involves the making of strategic decisions.

Also devanning. In materials handling: to unload goods from an intermodal transport unit (ITU).

Also vanning. In materials handling: the opposite of stripping, i.e. loading cargo into an intermodal transport unit (ITU).

Part of a system that can be treated as a single element in the main system, but that can also be considered a system of its own; a group of components which perform a function in a greater whole.

A container conforming to ISO extra standard length, width and height. The measurements can fluctuate, with lengths of 13,72m, 14,64m or 16,10m.

A company, sometimes a person or department, by which goods or the material wants of a company are made available for use:

The action of providing goods or the material wants of a company, expressed in quantitative or financial terms.

The entire network of suppliers, factories, warehouses, distribution centres and retailers which participate in the production process from raw materials to finished products, and through the activities of which value is created.

The managing of the supply chain; dealing with fundamental questions concerning the supply chain, such as structure of the organization, ressource management, etc.

Scheduling deliveries based on orders placed or a supply plan. The scheduling of supplies needs to take into account whether the goods or materials are or will be available when needed and consider matters relating to the transport of the goods.

A charge in addition to the usual amount paid for something, e.g. for deliveries made outside normal hours.

To look at or examine something carefully, usually done by an expert.

A person examining something carefully; an expert sent by an external office in charge of a survey.

A "container" for transporting cargo which cannot be stacked unless empty because it is not stable enough. Swap bodies are employed in rail/road combinations.

An method of production used in Just-in-Time manufacturing, which includes a fixed set of principles, procedures and techniques to be applied for every decision and action.